Transverse and longitudinal waves in 3D

Switch between a transverse and a longitudinal wave and follow the red particle: it only moves back and forth while the wave carries energy along.

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Questions students ask

What is the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?

In a transverse wave the particles vibrate at right angles to the direction of travel; in a longitudinal wave they vibrate along it, making compressions and rarefactions.

Is sound transverse or longitudinal?

Longitudinal. Light and other electromagnetic waves are transverse.

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