Mathematics — 5-topic bundle

When we talk about profit, loss, or discount, we're always comparing a change in value to an original value, and then expressing that comparison as a percentage. The "original value" is crucial – it's your base for all calculations.

Cost Price (CP): This is the price at which an item is bought.
Selling Price (SP): This is the price at which an item is sold.

Example: A shirt costs $40. You sell it for $50.
Profit = $50 - $40 = $10.
Percentage Profit = ($10 / $40) * 100% = 25%.

Example: A $60 item has a 10% discount.
Discount Amount = $60 * (10 / 100) = $6.
New Price = $60 - $6 = $54.

• To convert from Currency A to Currency B: Multiply the amount in Currency A by the exchange rate (if the rate is "1 unit of A = X units of B").
• To convert from Currency B to Currency A: Divide the amount in Currency B by the exchange rate.